Improvement in atmospheric hammers



VPTENTED JAN. 10, 1.865.

W. D. GRIMSHAW. ATMOSPHERIC HAMMER.

` contrivance.

Nrrnio rares WILLIAM D. GRIMSHAW, OF BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND.

lMPROVEh/IENT IN ATMOSPHERIC l-lAh/lh/iEPtS- To all whom it' may concern:

Be it known that LWILLIAM DAKIN GRIM- SHAW, of Birmingham, in the county of Warwick, formerly of Mitcham, in the county of Surrey, Englandl engineer, have invented an improved atmospheric hammer, the reservoir of which is used as a blower when the hammer is at rest; and I do hereby declare that the following; is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

I construct the frame-work of the machine hollow and air-tight, so that it may be employed as a reservoir of compressed air, and at theback part ofthe bed-plate I bolt or tix a double-action air-pump driven by a belt or by gearing. The piston of the said air-pump may be worked by a crank or other suitable By the action of the air-pump I surcharge the hollow chambers in the framework of the machine with compresed air, (which may be rareiied or not, at pleasure.) The hammer-head is lifted onto a piston-rod connected to a piston working in an inverted cylinder with similar arrangements to an ordinary steam-cylinder, excepting in the construction of thecut-oft. The slide-valve has two port-holes, and on the upper part of the valve there are two i'laps or sliding blocks, which give the workman complete control over the hammer and enable him to regulate the blow at pleasure. The hammer is either stationary or constructed upon a compound bed-plate, so that it may be moved backward and forward and be capable of striking any required blow upon any particular part of the anvil or on a series of anvils, or ot' plating or bending heavy work and performing such work as it has not been hitherto practicable for previously-constructed mechanical hammers to execute. Vhen the hammer is at rest, the pump and air chambers may be employed as a blast or blower for the furnace with considerable advantage and economy. The blast may be used hot or cold, as may be required.

The hammer is entirely under the control of the workman, both as to speed and the power ofthe blow. rEhe speed may be varied from one to iive hundred blows per minute, and'its striking force from one to two thousand pounds, or in accordance with the constructed power ofthe machine. It will do its work with considerably less consumption of power than is usually employed by steam-hammers.

The manner in which my invention is to be performed will be clearly understood by referring to the iigures and letters on the accompanyin g sheet of drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical section of one of my improved atmospheric hammers with a stationary bed, and Fig. 2 a plan of the slidevalve and cutting-off tlaps.

The main frame-work of the machine consists of the hollow bed o and hollow column b, both of which are used as reservoirs of air, and at the top of the column there are pedestals or bearings c for the driving-shaft d to work in, the shaft being turned by the drivingpulley e from any driving power.

f represents the hammer-cylinder; g, the hammerpiston 5 It, the hammer piston-rod; i, the han1mer-head5 j, the anvil-block 5 7c, the slide-valve having two apertures or port-holes, l m, from back to face 5 u, the valve-rod; o, the cylinder of the air-pump; p, the piston or plunger ofthe air-pump 5 q, the trunk or hollow piston-rod 5 i, the valve-box for the pump having four valves, s, there being a side pipe, s', for conveying the air to the chamber a.

t represents a pipe and cock communicating with the said chamber a', which pipe and cock are for the purpose of tempering or regulating the pressure ot' the blow of the hammer by opening or shutting the cock, so as to allow the air to escape or to keep itin, and when the hammer is not 1n use the pipe and cock may be employed for conveying the blast of air.

To the back of the driving-pulley is fixed the crank-pin a, which is connected to the pump-piston p bythe connecting-rod o, so that as the driving-pulley and crank-pin revolve the piston shall work up and down, according to the throw ofthe crank.

The slide-rod u is connected by a rod, w, to to a crank-pin, x, fixed tothe friction-disk y, working on a stud.

On the driving-shaft d there is a frictionwheel, b, held to the shaft by a key or feather, so that it can revolve with the shaft and at the same time be moved to and fro when required by the clutch lever c', the said friction-wheel being for the purpose of giving the disk revolving motion when they are in contact with each other, the number of revolutions of the disk and to-and-fro motion of the slide-valve k being in proportion to the greater or less distance the Wheel is placed from the eenter of the disk, which arrangements enable the speed ot' the slide-valve, and consequently the speed of the hammer, to be varied with. great facility. At the top of the slide-valve there are two flaps or sliding blocks, d', for Cutting;1

ott" the air at any particular given time and thereby regulating the force of the blow of the hammer, the said aps being worked by the screws and rods e', or by levers, and the airpassage from the air-chambers to the valve is shown by the small arrows. When the hammer is placed upon aeompound bed-plate, the anvil or auvils are detached from the framework, and the lower plate at the bottom ofthe chamber or reservoir is jointed by a bolt or swivel to astationaryfoundation-plate, in order thatthe hammer may be turned to any required position.

The formation of a reservoir for the oompressed air in hollow and airtight frame-work enables the machine to be very compact but in eases Where my improvements have to be adapted to old maehineswith solid frame-work. 1 employ one or more separate or distinct reservoirs for the compressed air, and although l have shown only one double-action pump, it is evident that l may use a series of pumps, and also vary the arrangements, dimensions,

and strength of the machine, in order to adapt. it for any description of work to be hammered.

.I claiml. The system of employing a reservoir bet-Ween the pump or pumps and the hammer- Cylinder for holding the compressed air, the reservoir to be formed in the fram e-Work of the machine.

2. The oombinationot' the adjustable, but otherwise. stationary, valve d d', the slidevalve lathe cylinder f, the piston g, the piston-rod li, and the hammer i, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of the valve-rod w, the friction-Wheel y, the sliding friction-wheel bf, and the shaft d, substantially as and to the ett'eot hereinabove set forth.

4. The Combination of the reservoir b, the pump o, and the stopoook t, as described.

5. The arrangement described ot the pump o, reservoir b, friction-Wheel b' and y, valverod to, valve k, cylinder f, and piston g, by which they are made to operate in relation to eaoh other, substantially as set forth.

W. D. GRIMSHAW.

Witnesses:

EDWARD J osnrrr HUGHES, JOHN BLoonWoarH, Patent Agents, both of 20 Cross street, Man.-

chester. 

